JOB SATISFACTION AS A MEDIATOR IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ABUSIVE SUPERVISION AND PARAMEDICS’ WELL-BEING

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between abusive supervision and paramedics’ well-being, with a particular focus on the mediating role of job satisfaction, and also explores gender differences among paramedics. Given the hierarchical nature of healthcare organizations and the emotionally demanding aspects of paramedical work, understanding these dynamics in culturally specific contexts, such as Pakistan, is critical. A correlational research design was employed, using purposive sampling to include 154 male and 146 female paramedics aged 25–50 years. Data were collected using the Abusive Supervision Scale, the BBC Well-being Scale, and the Job Satisfaction Scale. Findings revealed a strong negative relationship between abusive supervision and paramedics’ physical and psychological well-being, which was mediated by job satisfaction. Specifically, higher levels of abusive supervision were associated with lower job satisfaction, resulting in reduced psychological and physical well-being. Independent t-tests indicated no significant gender differences in abusive supervision or job satisfaction; however, male paramedics reported significantly higher psychological (p = .040) and overall well-being (p = .016) compared to females. These results suggest that workplace stressors affecting well-being are shaped by gender-specific experiences and societal expectations. The study highlights the detrimental impact of abusive supervision on paramedics’ health and identifies job satisfaction as a protective factor, consistent with Conservation of Resources (COR) theory. The findings underscore the importance of leadership reform, supervisor accountability, staff well-being initiatives, and gender-inclusive support systems in Pakistani healthcare settings, offering valuable insights for policymakers and healthcare leaders.